Which effect describes the aircraft's tendency toYaw away from the direction of aileron input?

The concept of adverse yaw is essential to understanding how an aircraft responds to control inputs, particularly with the ailerons. When a pilot applies aileron control to initiate a roll, the aircraft experiences a differential in drag between the wings. The aileron that deflects downward increases lift but also increases induced drag on that wing. Conversely, the aileron that deflects upward reduces lift and, consequently, induced drag on that wing.

As a result, the wing with the downward deflecting aileron experiences more drag than the opposite wing, causing the aircraft to yaw in the opposite direction of the intended roll. This unwanted yaw movement is what we refer to as adverse yaw. In practical terms, when the pilot rolls the aircraft to the right, for example, the left wing increases drag more than the right wing, and the aircraft yaws to the left, despite the desired roll to the right.

Understanding adverse yaw is crucial for pilots to manage and counteract this effect through coordinated use of the rudder during turns, ensuring smoother and more controlled flight maneuvers.